References used to compile the texts
| Acebes Ginovés JR, León Arencibia MC, Rodríguez Navarro ML, del Arco Aguilar M, García Gallo A, Pérez de Paz PL, Rodríguez Delgado O, Martín Osorio VE and de la Torre W (2010) “Spermatophyta.” In: Arechavaleta M, Rodríguez S, Zurita N and García A (coord) Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias. Hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2009. Gobierno de Canarias: Servicio de Biodiversidad, Dirección General del Medio Natural, Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación Territorial del Gobierno de Canarias. Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain, pp. 122–172. |
| Aguiar C, Honrado J, Alves P, Barreto Caldas F, Henrique N, Janssen J and Sequeira M (2001a) Terceira aproximação à lista da flora rara e a proteger no norte de Portugal Continental: I Briófitas e Pteridófitas. 2° Congresso Nacional de Conservação da Natureza. 2–5 October, Lisboa, Portugal. |
| Aguiar C, Honrado J, Alves P, Barreto Caldas F, Henrique N, Janssen J and Sequeira M (2001b) Terceira aproximação à lista da flora rara e a proteger no norte de Portugal Continental: II Gimnospérmicas e Angiospérmicas. 2° Congresso Nacional de Conservação da Natureza. 2–5 October, Lisboa, Portugal. |
| Barazani O, Perevolotsky A and Hadas R (2008) A problem of the rich: prioritizing local plant genetic resources for ex situ conservation in Israel. Biological Conservation 141(2): 596–600. |
| Bilz M, Kell SP, Maxted N and Lansdown RV (2011) European Red List of Vascular Plants. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. |
| Bishop RC (1978) Endangered species and uncertainty: the economics of the safe minimum standard. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 60: 10–18. |
| Briggs J and Leigh J (1988) Rare and threatened Australian plants. Australian Natural Parks and Wildlife Service, Special Publication, No. 14. |
| CALM (Department of Conservation and Land Management) (1994) Setting priorities for the conservation of Western Australia's threatened flora and fauna. Policy Statement No. 50. CALM, Perth. |
| Carter MF and Barker K (1993) “An interactive database for setting conservation priorities for Western Neotropical Migrants.” In: Finch DM and Stangel PW (eds) Status and management of neotropical migratory birds. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Estes Park, Colorado, pp. 120–127. |
| Castroviejo S (coord. gen.) (1986–2012) Flora Iberica 1–8, 10–15, 17–18, 21. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid. |
| Coates DJ and Atkins KA (2001) Priority setting and the conservation of Western Australia’s diverse and highly endemic flora. Biological Conservation 97: 251–263. |
| Community Plant Variety Office in Europe (2010) Annual Report, pp 35–37. |
| Dhar U, Rawal RS and Upreti J (2000) Setting priorities for conservation of medicinal plants – a case study in the Indian Himalaya. Biological Conservation 95: 57–65. |
| Dray AM (1985) Plantas a proteger em Portugal Continental. Serviço Nacional de Parques, Reservas e Conservação da Natureza. |
| Faith DP (1992) Conservation evaluation and phylogenetic diversity. Biological Conservation 61: 1–10. |
| FAO (2001) International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. |
| FAO (2014) FAOSTAT. Available at: http://faostat3fao.org/faostat-gateway/go/to/home/E (accessed 11.05.14). |
| Fitter R and Fitter M (1987) The Road to Extinction. IUCN/UNEP, IUCN, Gland. |
| Flor A, Bettencourt E, Arriegas PI and Dias SR (2004) Indicators for the CWR species’ list prioritization (European crop wild relative criteria for conservation). Workshop 5 – Genetic Erosion and Pollution Assessment. European Crop Wild Relative Diversity Assessment and Conservation Forum. 8–11 September, Terceira Island, Azores. |
| Ford-Lloyd BV, Maxted N and Kell SP (2008) “Establishing conservation priorities for crop wild relatives.” In: Maxted N, Ford-Lloyd BV, Kell SP, Iriondo J, Dulloo E and Turok J (eds) Crop Wild Relative Conservation and Use. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 110–119. |
| Ford-Lloyd BV, Maxted N and Kell S (2009) “Prioritization of wild Beta species for conservation: the PGR Forum experience.” In: Frese L and Maggioni L (compilers) Report of a Working Group on Beta and World Beta Network. Third Joint Meeting, 8–11 March 2006, Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Spain, pp. 27–30. |
| Given DR and Norton DA (1993) A multivariate approach to assessing threat and for priority setting in threatened species conservation. Biological Conservation 64: 57–66. |
| Govaerts R (1994) Rare and threatened plant species of southern Portugal. Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana 66: 285–295. |
| Hamer M, Raimondo D, Jansen Van Rensberg W, Magos Brehm J, Thormann I and Dulloo E (2016) National Strategic Action Plan For The Conservation And Sustainable Use Of Crop Wild Relatives In South Africa– Technical Background Document. |
| Harlan J and de Wet J (1971) Towards a rational classification of cultivated plants. Taxon 20: 509–517. |
| Hoffmann MH and Welk E (1999) A method for the estimation of the global population sizes of plant species – the area-abundance-index. Global Ecology and Biogeography 8: 39–46. |
| Hunter WC, Carter MF, Pashley DN and Barker K (1993) “The Partners in Flight species prioritization scheme.” In: Finch DM and Stangel PW (eds) Status and management of neotropical migratory birds. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Estes Park, Colorado, pp. 109–119. |
| IUCN (1994) IUCN Red List Categories. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. |
| IUCN (2001) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. |
| Kala CP, Farooquee NA and Dhar U (2004) Prioritization of medicinal plants on the basis of available knowledge, existing practices and use value status in Uttaranchal, India. Biodiversity and Conservation 13: 453–469. |
| Kell SP, Maxted N, Frese L and Iriondo JM (2012a) “In situ conservation of crop wild relatives: a strategy for identifying priority genetic reserve sites.” In: Maxted N, Dulloo ME, Ford-Lloyd BV, Frese L, Iriondo JM and Pinheiro de Carvalho MAA (eds) Agrobiodiversity Conservation: Securing the Diversity of Crop Wild Relatives and Landraces. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 7‒19. |
| Kell SP, Maxted N and Bilz M (2012b) “European crop wild relative threat assessment: knowledge gained and lessons learnt.” In: Maxted N, Dulloo ME, Ford-Lloyd BV, Frese L, Iriondo JM and Pinheiro de Carvalho MAA (eds) Agrobiodiversity Conservation: Securing the Diversity of Crop Wild Relatives and Landraces. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 218–242. |
| Kell S, Qin H, Chen B, Ford-Lloyd B, Wei W, Kang D and Maxted N (2015) China’s crop wild relatives: diversity for agriculture and food security. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 209: 138–154. |
| Kornas J (1990) “Plant invasions in Central Europe: historical and ecological aspects.” In: Di Castri F, Hansen AJ and Debussche M (eds) Biological Invasions in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin. Monographiae Biologicae 65: 19–36. |
| Linder HP (1995) Setting conservation priorities: The importance of endemism and phylogeny in the southern African orchid genus Herschelia. Conservation Biology 9: 585. |
| Lunney D, Curtin A, Ayers D, Cogger HG and Dickman CR (1996) An ecological approach to identifying the endangered fauna of New South Wales. Pacific Conservation Biology 2: 212–231. |
| Magos Brehm J (2004) Conservation of Wild Legumes in Portugal. MSc thesis, University of Birmingham, UK. |
| Magos Brehm J (2009) Conservation of Wild Plant Genetic Resources in Portugal. PhD thesis, University of Birmingham, UK. |
| Magos Brehm J, Maxted N, Ford‐Lloyd BV and Martins‐Loução MA (2008a) National inventories of crop wild relatives and wild harvested plants: case‐study for Portugal. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 55: 779–796. |
| Magos Brehm J, Mitchell M, Maxted N, Ford‐Lloyd BV and Martins‐Loução MA (2008b) “IUCN Red Listing of crop wild relatives: is a national approach as difficult as some think?” In: Maxted N, Ford‐Lloyd BV, Kell SP, Iriondo JM, Dulloo E and Turok J (eds) Crop wild relative conservation and use. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 211–242. |
| Magos Brehm J, Maxted N, Martins‐Loução MA and Ford‐Lloyd BV (2010) New approaches for establishing conservation priorities for socio-economically important plant species. Biodiversity and Conservation 19: 2715–2740. |
| Magos Brehm J, Ford-Lloyd BV, Maxted N and Martins-Loução MA (2012) “Using neutral genetic diversity to prioritize crop wild relative populations: a Portuguese endemic case study for Dianthus cintranus Boiss. & Reut. subsp. barbatus R. Fern. & Franco.” In: Maxted N, Dulloo ME, Ford-Lloyd BV, Frese L, Iriondo JM, Pinheiro de Carvalho MAA (eds) Agrobiodiversity Conservation: Securing the Diversity of Crop Wild Relatives and Landraces. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 193–210. |
| Magos Brehm J, Saifan S, Taifour H, Abulaila K, Al-Assaf A, El-Oqlah A, Al-Sheyab F, Bani-Hani R, Ghazanfar S, Haddad N, Shibli R, Taleb TA, Ali B and Maxted N (2016) “Crop wild relatives, a priority in Jordan? Developing a national strategy for the conservation of plant diversity in Jordan using a participatory approach.” In: Maxted N, Dulloo ME and Ford-Lloyd BV (eds) Enhancing Crop Genepool Use: Capturing Wild Relative and Landrace Diversity for Crop Improvement. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp. 172–188. |
| MAGRAMA (Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Medio Rural y Marino) (2011) Anuario de estadística 2010. Secretaría General Técnica Subdirección General de Estadística, Madrid, Spain. |
| Maxted N and Kell S (2009) Establishment of a Network for the In Situ Conservation of Crop Wild Relatives: Status and Needs. Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. |
| Maxted N, Hawkes JG, Guarino L and Sawkins M (1997) Towards the selection of taxa for plant genetic conservation. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 44: 337–348. |
| Maxted N, Mabuza-Dlamini P, Moss H, Padulosi S, Jarvis A and Guarino L (2004) An Ecogeographic Survey: African Vigna. Systematic and Ecogeographic Studies of Crop Genepools 10. IPGRI, Rome, Italy. |
Maxted N, Ford‐Lloyd BV, Jury S, Kell SP and Scholten MA (2006) Towards a definition of a crop wild relative. Biodiversity and Conservation 15(8): 2673–2685. |
| Maxted N, Scholten MA, Codd R and Ford-Lloyd BV (2007) Creation and use of a national inventory of crop wild relatives. Biological Conservation 140: 142–159. |
| MEP and CAS (2013) China Red List of Biodiversity – Higher Plants Volume. Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing. Available at: www.zhb.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201309/t20130912_260061.htm (accessed 15.04.14). |
| Mitchell M (2004) Regional Red List Assessment of Crop Wild Relatives in Europe. MSc thesis, University of Birmingham, UK. |
| Mitteau M and Soupizet F (2000) “Preparation of a preliminary list of priority target species for in situ conservation in Europe.” In: Laliberté B, Maggioni L, Maxted N and Negri V (compilers) ECP/GR In Situ and On-Farm Conservation Network Report of a Task Force on Wild Species Conservation in Genetic Reserves and a Task Force on On-Farm Conservation and Management Joint Meeting, 18–20 May, Isola Polvese, Italy. |
| Morse LE (1993) “Standard and alternative taxonomic data in the multi-institutional Natural Heritage Data Center Network.” In: Bisby FA, Russell GF and Pankhurst RJ (eds) Designs for a Global Plant Species Information System. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 69–79. |
| Norton BG (1994) “On what we should save: the role of culture in determining conservation targets.” In: Forey PL, Humphries CJ and Vane-Wright RI (eds) Systematics and Conservation Evaluation. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 23–40. |
| Pärtel M, Kalamees R, Reier U, Tuvi E-L, Roosaluste E, Vellak A and Zobel M (2005) Grouping and prioritization of vascular plant species for conservation: combining natural rarity and management need. Biological Conservation 123: 271–278. |
| Perring FH and Farrell L (1983) Vascular plants. British Red Data Book, vol. I, 2nd edition. Royal Society for Nature Conservation, Nettleham, Lincoln. |
| Rabinowitz D (1981) “Seven forms of rarity.” In: Synge H (ed) The Biological Aspects of Rare Plant Conservation. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 205–217. |
| Rabinowitz D, Cairns S and Dillon T (1986) “Seven forms of rarity and their frequency in the flora of British Isles.” In: Soule ME (ed) Conservation Biology: Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Sinauer Associate, Sunderland, pp. 182–204. |
| Raimondo D, von Staden L, Victor JE, Helme NA, Turner RC, Kamundi DA, Manyama P (2009) A Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. SANBI, Pretoria, South Africa. |
| Ramos Lopes MH and Carvalho MLS (supervision by AR Pinto da Silva) (1990) Lista de Espécies Botânicas a Proteger em Portugal Continental. Documento de Trabalho do Serviço Nacional de Parques, Reservas e Conservação da Natureza. |
| Ramos Lopes MH and Carvalho MLS (1991) Lista de Plantas Ameaçadas por Comércio e Exploração. Documento de trabalho do Serviço Nacional de Parques, Reservas e Conservação da Natureza. |
| Rana RS and Chatterjee S (2000) “Prioritization of wild relatives of crop plants of India and domesticated animals.” In: In Singh S, Sastry ARK, Mehta R and Uppal V (eds) Setting Biodiversity Conservation Priorities for India. WWF-India, New Delhi, India. |
| Rubio Teso ML, Torres ME, Parra-Quijano M and Iriondo JM (2012) Prioritization of crop wild relatives in Spain. Crop wild relative 8: 18–21. |
| Sapir Y, Shmida A and Fragman O (2003) Constructing red numbers for setting conservation priorities of endangered plant species: Israeli flora as a test case. Journal for Nature Conservation 11: 91–107. |
| Schnittler M and Günther K-F (1999) Central European vascular plants requiring priority conservation measures – an analysis from national Red Lists and distribution maps. Biodiversity and Conservation 8: 891–925. |
| SNPRCN (Serviço Nacional de Parques, Reservas e Conservação da Natureza) (1985) Plantas a Proteger em Portugal Continental, Lisboa. |
| Stein BA (1993) Towards common goals: collections information in conservation databases. Association for Systematics Collections Newsletter 21(1): 1–6. |
| Stein BA, Master LL, Morse LE, Kutner LS and Morrison M (1995) “Status of U.S. species: setting conservation priorities.” In: U.S. Department of the Interior National Biological Service. Our Living Resources, a Report to the Nation on the Distribution, Abundance, and Health of U.S. Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems. Special Issue Human Influences. |
| Tambutii M, Aldama A, Sánchez O, Medeellin R and Soberón J (2001) La Determinación del Riesgo de Extincion de Especies Silvestres en Mexico. Gaceta Ecologica, 61: 11–21. |
| The Department of the Environment (1996) Towards Methodology for Costing Biodiversity targets in UK. Department of the Environment, London. |
| UPOV (International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants) (2010) List of the taxa protected by the members of the Union. October, Geneva, Switzerland. |
| Vane-Wright RI, Humphries CJ and Williams CH (1991) What to protect? Systematics and the agony of choice. Biological Conservation 55: 235–254. |
| Vincent H, Wiersema J, Kell S, Fielder H, Dobbie S, Castañeda-Álvarez N, Guarino L, Eastwood R, Leon B and Maxted N (2013) A prioritized crop wild relative inventory to help underpin global food security. Biological Conservation 167: 265–275. |
| Whitten AJ (1990) Recovery: A Proposed Programme for Britain’s Protected Species. Nature Conservancy Council, CSD Report, No. 1089. |
The Interactive Toolkit for Crop Wild Relative Conservation Planning was developed within the framework of the SADC CWR project www.cropwildrelatives.org/sadc-cwr-project (2014-2016),
which was co-funded by the European Union and implemented through ACP-EU Co-operation Programme in Science and Technology (S&T II) by the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States.
Grant agreement no FED/2013/330-210.